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The right and left jaw bones are firmly bounded. Each is very strong. The zygomatic bone is very wide and flat. This skull structure makes it possible for the strong M. masseters muscle and relatively restrained, to some extent it looks very serious and grave, lacking the expressions of the monkey which curries favor with people. As lovely animals in cartoons, they are very lovable.
Panda teeth are not as sharp as large carnivores. They do not have teeth for tearing meat. All of their teeth developed to rip and chew. There are 3 pairs of dentes, undeveloped and unable to cut anything. When the panda eats bamboo, they do not use their dentes but use the incisors and dentes molares to crush the bamboo. Unlike the teeth of large carnivores, whose incisors are like sharp swords, panda incisors are shaped like cores. While fighting, they are used as protective weapon. The incisors of brave males are a bit stronger than those of the quiet females. The dentes molares, inherited from their ancestors for tearing meat, have the molare type of the M. maxillare and the Mandibula be-cause the pandas have evloved into vege-tarians.
Panda teeth not only have an extremely wide wearing surface, but also the roots are deep. Matched with the strong M. masseters, only one M. masseter can cut a bamboo thicker than a finger. The entire structure of the teeth is distinctively different from carnivore's, but there are still some pits in the wearing surface of the dentes molares and some easily seen lines in the peaks and valleys, indicating, to some extent, that the giant panda still retains its ancestor's ability of biting meat. During winters when the mountains are covered with snow, they may happen to find and eat carcasses of dead animal. They may also pay a visit to the village and eat flesh and bones discarded by the villagers.
While the panda outgrew its ancestors to evolve specialized teeth to eat bamboo. Their brain remained undeveloped. Its volume is only 310-320 ml. Compared with that of a black bear of nearly the same size, the brain volume is 60ml smaller. It is even less than the monkey's, which evolved simultaneously with the giant panda. Although it isn't as clever as the monkey, it does have a higher memory capacity.
The giant panda, although large and strong, is not as agile as the carnivores, appearing somewhat fat. Its skeletal joints are very flexible, enabling a variety of body positions. The panda can bite its own pelvic bones and tail with its mouth. It has sturdy legs like a bear and walks with its paws flat on the ground. But the paws are not formed like a bear's,are the hindlegs. The panda's gait is neither like a bear's nor a cat's. But in some way there are some similar characteristics between the three animals. Its step are slow and leisurely; the giant panda seldom runs or jumps. The way in which it walks not only an adaptation to its surrounding in lush bamboo, but also it helps conserve energy. There are thick dotted hairs on its paws allowing the panda to maintain footing among bamboo slopes and icy cliffs. The pandas flexibility makes them capable of smoothly completing various turns including: inside turning, stretching and other such actions. This permits them to climb trees, swim and walk light-heartedly on the steep cliffs or in the dense bamboo. There is something particular in the fore paws. Besides the thumb, there is another os sesamoideum specialized from the os carpi radii, it was lengthened and changed into a false thumb. This false thumb gives the panda an extraordinary grasp on bamboo, allowing it to feed quickly off the leaves and branches. While eating, panda uses its paws very similarly to a monkey. Unlike the bear and cat, who hold and break food with both of their forepaws, the panda can eat food using a fork and knife. The hindlegs helped by well-matched joints can support and erect the body and help it to remain stable, making it easier for the foreleg to grasp hold of bamboo.
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